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Aneurysm
What is an aortic aneurysm?
An aneurysm
(AN'u-rizm) is a bulge in a blood vessel, much like a bulge on an
over-inflated inner tube. Aneurysms are dangerous because they may burst.
The aorta, the main artery leading away from the heart, can sometimes
develop an aneurysm. Aortic aneurysms usually occur in the abdomen below
the kidneys (abdominal aneurysm), but may occur in the chest cavity
(thoracic -- tho-RAS'ik -- aneurysm). This can happen if the wall of
the aorta becomes weakened by build ups of fatty deposits called plaque.
This is called atherosclerosis (ath"er-o-skleh-RO'sis). Aneurysms
may also be due to an inherited disease such as the Marfan syndrome.
How is an aneurysm detected?
Aneurysms can be detected
by X-ray or by imaging techniques such as echocardiography (ek"o-kar"de-OG'rah-fe),
an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) or a computed tomography (to-MOG'rah-fe)
(CT) scan. A small aneurysm may not cause symptoms. Then a patient's
doctor will want to check it regularly to see if it's enlarging. Pain
in the area of an aneurysm is a common symptom. The larger an aneurysm
becomes, the more likely it is to burst.
How is an aneurysm treated?
Aneurysms are treated surgically.
A patch or artificial piece of blood vessel is sewn where the aneurysm
was.
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